REACH Directive

        The European Union's "Regulations on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals" (REACH Regulation) has passed the final vote of the European Council on December 18, 2006, and has been officially promulgated, which will begin on June 1, 2007 Full implementation.

         REACH replaces the current 40 EU regulations and becomes a unified set of regulations for the registration, evaluation, approval and restriction of chemicals. It has a complete registration and evaluation system involving about 30,000 chemical substances, and requires that all "existing" or "new" chemical substances with an annual production or import volume of 1 tonne or more must be registered in order to provide Related usage safety information.

The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) announced on October 9 the first candidate list of 15 substances of very high concern (SVHC). This list is based on the authorization system for chemicals stipulated in Annex 14 of EU REACH Directive 1907/2006. As a result, one of the sixteen substances previously listed, Cyclododecane (cyclododecane), was not added to the list.

ECHA Announces REACH Candidate List of 15 Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC)

Substance Name

CAS No.

Basis for identification as SVHC

Substance main use

1

 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane (MA)

101-77-9

Carcinogen, cat2

Textiles, shoes, polyurethane

2

Tolyl butyl phthalate (BBP)

85-68-7

Toxic for reproduction, cat2

Polyvinyl chloride, rubber boots, bathroom mats, artificial leather (shoes)

3

Phthalate (DEHP)

117-81-7

Toxic for reproduction, cat2

PVC, flooring, medical supplies, paint

4

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)

84-74-2

Toxic for reproduction, cat2

Plasticizers and paints in different plastics

5

Anthracene

120-12-7

PBT

Black rubber and plastic products

6

Hexabromocyclododecane

25637-99-4 and 3194-55-6 (134237-51-7, 134237-50-6, 134237-52-8)

PBT

Textiles, mattresses, computer and TV cases

7

Xylene musk

81-15-2

vPvB

Aromatherapy tablets, cosmetics, washing powder, detergent

8

(C10-C13) (SCCP) Short Chain Chlorinated Paraffin

85535-84-8

PBT, vPvB

Rubber, leather, adhesives, coated textiles, paint

9

Ditributyltin oxide

56-35-9

PBT

Sports clothing

10

Triethylarsenate

15606-95-8

Carcinogen, cat1

Wood, furniture

11

Arsenic pentoxide

1303-28-2

Carcinogen, cat1

Glass, colorant

12

Arsenic trioxide

1327-53-3

Carcinogen, cat1

Wood, glass

13

Lead hydrogen arsenate

7784-40-9

Carcinogen, cat1, Toxic for reproduction, cat1

Wood (preservative)

14

Cobalt dichloride

7646-79-9

Carcinogen, cat2

Paints, inks, glass and porcelain paints

15

Sodium dichromate dihydrate

7789-12-0 10588-01-9

Carcinogen, cat2; Mutagen, cat2, Toxic for reproduction, cat2

Shoes, leather

 RoHS Directive: New products listed in the EU since July 01, 2006 are prohibited from containing: lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (Cr6 +), polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated Phenyl ether (PBDE). However, there are still some exempted items. Since there is no alternative available at present, the directive still allows use. Once scientific evidence is obtained and precautionary principles are considered, the EU will further expand the types of banned substances. The six major banned substance limits included in the directive have been established by the European Commission for Technology Development (TAC). The recommended maximum limit for cadmium is 0.01% (in accordance with EU Cadmium Directive 91/338 / EEC), and the maximum limit for other banned substances is 0.1%. These limits apply to all electrical and electronic equipment parts, except for exempt items. EU RoHS Directive 2002/95 / EC ◆ officially implemented on July 1, 2006 ◆ electronic and electrical products on the markets of EU member states must not contain six toxic and hazardous substances or elements ◆ currently exempted materials are 29 Chinese RoHS ◆ 2007 3 Officially implemented on January 1. Restriction on the content of six toxic and hazardous substances or elements in electronic information products in China. ◆ No exemption; self-declaration; compulsory 3C certification

  Restricted use of six types of hazardous substances detection test methods Lead and its compounds IEC62321 sec11, 12, 13 or US EPA 3050B Mercury and its compounds IEC62321 sec10 or US EPA 3052 Cadmium and its compounds IEC62321 sec11, 12, 13 or EN 1122: 2001 Hexavalent chromium and its compounds IEC62321 sec8, 9 or US EPA 3060A & 7196A polybrominated biphenyls IEC62321 sec7 or US EPA 3540C polybrominated diphenyl ethers IEC62321 sec7 or US EPA 3540C: 2002/96 / EC on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE) Its Directive 2003/108 / EC covers almost all electrical and electronic equipment in the following 10 categories. The purpose of the directive is to make manufacturing suppliers financially responsible for recycling and reusing their electrical and electronic equipment. Manufacturers, brand manufacturers (including retailers selling private label products), importers and exporters must comply with these new EU requirements for electrical and electronic equipment. From August 13, 2005, EU countries announced the implementation of WEEE and its extended directive 2003/108 / EC. For 10 new EU member states, the extension period is as follows: 12 months: Slovenia (2004/312 / EC); 24 months: Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania and Slovakia (2004 / 312 / EC); Cyprus, Malta and Poland (2004 * 486 / EC) The 10 categories of goods covered by the WEEE Directive ① Large household appliances such as refrigerators ② Small household appliances such as vacuum cleaners ③ Consulting and telecommunications products such as mobile phones ④ Consumer Equipment such as televisions ⑤ Lighting equipment such as fluorescent lamps ⑥ Power tools such as impact drills ⑦ Toys, recreational sports equipment such as video game machines 医用 Medical equipment (except all implanted and infected products) 监测 Monitoring and control equipment ⑩ Automatic Vending machines, such as coin-operated beverage machines Norway, "Prohibition of Certain Hazardous Substances in Consumer Products" (PoHS)

Norway's "Prohibition of Certain Hazardous Substances in Consumer Products" (PoHS) Norway's "Prohibition of Certain Hazardous Substances in Consumer Products" (PoHS), which entered into force on January 1, 2008, covers almost all consumer products, and the new regulations restrict toxics There are 10 kinds of harmful substances. The PoHS name is not only similar in appearance to the EU RoHS directive. No doubt, this ban will be abbreviated as PoHS for everyone to quote. Although the legislation applies only to Norway, it may become a de facto RoHS standard similar to the use of electrical and electronic products exported to Europe, as few companies produce a targeted product for a single market. Unless you do not plan to sell your product to Norway. This new standard covers more than RoHS. It covers almost all consumer products (with a few exceptions). It includes product categories in addition to consumer electronics, as well as clothing, luggage, construction, toys, etc. The regulation does not apply to food, food packaging, fertilizers, medical equipment and cigarettes, as well as transportation vehicles, fixtures on vehicles, tires and similar transportation accessories. 10 hazardous substances test items related to electronic and electrical products in PoHS Test method MCCP Medium chain chlorinated paraffin EPA3540CBP-A Bisphenol-A EN71 / ISO 8974 Muskxylene xylene musk EPA3540CTriclosan Triclosan EPA3540CPFOA Perfluorooctanoic acid EPA3050CHBCDD Alkane EPA3540CPCP Pentachlorophenol DIN53313Pb Lead and its compounds EPA3050B / EPA3052 / IEC 62321Cd Cadmium and its compounds EPA3050B / IEC62321As Arsenic and its compounds EPA 3052

Packaging Waste Directive

         The directive mainly restricts that packaging materials must not contain hazardous substances of heavy metals, and specifies the recycling and reuse targets of packaging material waste. The directive was published in the official journal on December 31, 1994, and became a formal EU country law on June 30, 1996. The packaging waste directive 94/62 / EC was revised on February 11, 2004, and new According to 2004/12 / EC, the main contents are as follows:

a) Restriction on the content of harmful substances in heavy metals: The total amount of lead, cadmium, mercury, and hexavalent chromium must not exceed 0.01% (W%)

b) Member States are required to achieve a minimum reproductive rate of 60% and a recycling rate of 55% to 80% by December 31, 2008. The minimum recycling rates for each material are shown in Table 1-6.

glass

Paperboard

metal

plastic

wood

60%

60%

50%

22.5%

15%

c) Completely ban the above heavy metals from packaging materials before 2010.

91/338 / EEC Cadmium Directive

         The directive was issued by the European Union in 1991 to restrict the use of cadmium in pigments, dyes, stabilizers and plating. The directive stipulates that the content of cadmium in plastic products and liquid coatings (whether water-based or oil-based coatings) must not exceed 0.01% (100ppm), and the use of cadmium plating for certain equipment is prohibited.

Battery Directive

         The current battery directives are 91/157 / EEC and extended directives 98/101 / EC and 2002/525 / EC.

The directive stipulates that from January 1, 2000, the sale of batteries and accumulators with a mercury content of more than 0.0005% (except button batteries with a mercury content of not more than 2%) is prohibited.

Batteries or accumulators with heavy metal content exceeding a certain level (cadmium> 0.025%, lead> 0.4%) should be marked with special symbols to indicate that they need to be recycled separately.

The EU Directive 93/86 / EEC requires that batteries should be marked on the battery label with a heavy metal content and must not be mixed with domestic waste.

EU Directive 2002/525 / EC stipulates that as of January 1, 2006, batteries containing metal cadmium for electric vehicles must not be sold. Approved by the European Parliament and the European Council.

The new battery directive 2006/66 / EC of July 6, 2006 has been approved by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. From September 26, 2008, batteries containing more than 0.002% cadmium will be banned from being sold in Europe.

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Halogens and compounds Group ⅦA elements in the periodic table of the chemical include fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and osmium (At), collectively referred to as halogen. Among them, thorium (At) is a radioactive element, which hardly exists in the product. The first four elements exist in the form of organic compounds in the product, especially in the polymer material. The halogen compounds currently used in products are mainly flame retardants: PBB, PBDE, TBBP-A, PCB, hexabromododecane, tribromophenol, short-chain chlorinated paraffin; used as refrigerants and heat insulation materials. Ozone-destroying substances: CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs, etc. Hazard: Adding halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) to polymer products such as plastics to increase the flash point has the advantage that the flash point is higher than ordinary polymer materials, and the flash point is about 300 ° C. During combustion, halogenated gases (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine) are emitted, which quickly absorbs oxygen and extinguishes the fire. However, its disadvantage is that when the concentration of released chlorine gas is high, the decreased visibility will lead to the failure to identify the escape route. At the same time, chlorine gas is very toxic and affects the human respiratory system. In addition, the halogen gas released from the combustion of halogen-containing polymers When combined with water vapor, it will generate corrosive and harmful gas (hydrogen halide), which will cause corrosion to some equipment and buildings. Brominated flame retardants such as PBB, PBDE, TBBPA are currently used more flame retardants, mainly used in electronic and electrical industries, including: circuit boards, computers, fuel cells, televisions and printers, etc. These halogen-containing flame retardant materials generate dioxin when burned, and can exist in the environment for many years, and even accumulate in the organism for life and cannot be discharged. CFCs encounter harmful UV rays that are mainly absorbed by the ozone layer. Ultraviolet rays decompose CFCs, releasing chlorine atoms, separating ozone molecules into free oxygen molecules and nitrous oxide molecules, thereby destroying the ozone molecules. One chlorine atom can destroy more than 100,000 ozone molecules. The destruction of the ozone layer will greatly increase the risk of skin cancer, cataracts and other eye diseases, with catastrophic consequences. In addition, it may cause food disasters, reduce the production of aquatic organisms, and form a "greenhouse effect" (warming of the earth's atmosphere). Therefore, many large international companies are actively promoting the complete abolition of halogen-containing materials, such as banning the use of halogen flame retardants in products. Currently for

Halogen-free requirements, different products have different limit standards: such as halogen-free wires and cables where the halogen index is: the value of all halogens ≦ 50PPM (according to the regulation PREN 14582); the content of hydrogen halide gas after combustion is less than 100PPM (according to the regulations EN 5067-2-1); PH value of the hydrogen halide gas generated after combustion is dissolved in water ≧ 4.3 (weak acidity) (according to the regulation EN-5 0267-2-2); the product permeates after burning in a closed container The light transmittance of a beam of light is ≧ 60% (according to EN-50268-2). For halogen-free PCBs, the bromine and chlorine contents are less than 900 ppm and (bromine + chlorine) are less than 1500 ppm. AOV provides testing services for halogen elements and their compounds, and provides accurate and effective test reports to assist you in achieving halogen-free products.

5 55555 PAHs PAHs, scientific name PAHs. It is a kind of harmful substance produced by petroleum, coal and other fuels and wood and flammable gases under incomplete combustion or under high temperature processing conditions. It is usually found in petrochemical products, rubber, plastics, lubricants, rust preventive oil, and incomplete combustion Organic compounds and other substances are one of the important carcinogens in the environment. In the environment, organic pollutants are everywhere, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAH) are their bulk, and some have been proven to be carcinogenic and mutagenic to the human body. Sex. Sources of PAH include: biosynthesis of algae or bacteria, forest fires, volcanic eruption, and thermal power plants, garbage dumps, incinerators and factories exhaust. There are many types of PAH, 16 of which were listed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) in 1979. PAHs mainly include the following 16 similar substances: 1 Naphthalene 2 Naphthalene 2 Acenaphthylene 3 Acenaphthene 苊 4 Fluorene 芴 5 Phenanthrene 6 Anthracene 7 Fluoranthene 8 Pyrene 芘 9 Benzo (a) anthracene Benzo (a) anthracene 10 Chrysene 11 Benzo (b) fluoranthene benzo (b) fluoranthene 12 Benzo (k) fluoranthene benzo (k) fluoranthene 13 Benzo (a) pyrene benzo (a) pyrene 14 Indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene Indylbenzene (1,2,3-cd) 芘 15 Dibenzo (a, h) anthracene Dibenzo (a, n) anthracene 16 Benzo (g, hi) perylene Benzo (g, hi) perylene : Pure PAH is usually colorless, white, or pale yellow-green solid. We provide you with test standards: EPA8270 Soxhlet extraction PAHs, which covers 16 PAHs test items! Incomplete combustion of source organic matter, coal / oil / gas / tobacco / roasted meat / charcoal, crude oil, charcoal, Tars, drugs, dyes, plastics, rubber, pesticides, engines, generators produce PAHs. Petroleum, coal and other fuels, and wood and combustible gases are produced by incomplete combustion or under high temperature processing conditions. They are usually found in petrochemicals Products, rubber, plastics, lubricants, rust preventive oils, incompletely combusted organic compounds, etc. are one of the important carcinogens in the environment. In the environment, organic pollutants are everywhere, and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAH ) Is its bulk, and some have been proven to be carcinogenic and mutagenic to humans. Sources of PAH include: biosynthesis of algae or bacteria, forest fires, volcanic eruption, and thermal power plants, garbage dumps, incinerators and factories exhaust. There are many types of PAH, 16 of which were listed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) in 1979. Possible materials for PAHs: charcoal, crude oil, wood distillates, tar (natural) drugs, dyes, plastics, rubber, pesticides (artificial) lubricants, release agents, capacitor electrolytes, mineral oil, asphalt (artificial) ) Insecticides, fungicides, mosquito coils, smoking, gasoline anticoagulants (artificial) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons1, strong carcinogens 2, damage to the reproductive system 3, easy to cause skin cancer, lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal tumors, arteries Background of hardening and infertility A few days ago, a large number of power tools produced in China were detected in Germany to exceed PAHs, and goods worth more than 80 million US dollars were detained at the port by German customs. Germany is one of the core members of the European Union, so its influence will soon spread to the entire European Union. At the same time, most of the EU's technical standards come from Germany. Once the new PAHs standards are established, Britain, France, and even the United States will follow up. By then, the export and development of Chinese power tool companies will face more severe challenges. Sample splitting for testing PAHs The sample is finally split into a uniform material and a single color material. Each sample should be based on this principle to calculate the quantity and quotation of the materials to be tested, and the content of 16 PAHS for each single material substance.

 Polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Polychlorinated biphenyls are composed of two benzene structures plus at least one chlorine atom. There are 209 congeners, usually 4-6 chlorine atoms. Polychlorinated terphenyls have three benzene structures and can attach up to 14 chlorine atoms. Polychlorinated biphenyls are very similar to polychlorinated terphenyls in chemical and physical properties. They are insoluble in water, not easily degraded, and have excellent insulation, non-combustibility, resistance to thermal degradation and chemical degradation. Polychlorinated biphenyls are mainly used in inks, paints, plastics, and carbon papers. They are also widely used in transformer oils, hydraulic oils, and heat transfer agents. The use of PCBs is similar to PCBs. It is mainly used in plastics, paints, lubricants, etc. The PCB and PCT used in the electronics industry are mainly: (1) transformers, capacitors, electrical switches, relays, cables, and motors. Please note that this refers to the use of the power system and not to the use in consumer electronics. If the cable needs insulation, it may be treated with PCB or PCT to increase the insulation performance. (2) Plasticizers, paints and coatings, adhesives, flame retardants in plastics such as PVC or rubber. (3) Plastics, paints, glues and waxes in electronic products need attention.

 Nonylphenol, also known as nonylphenol; English is Nonyl Phenol (referred to as NP) Nonylphenol is an important fine chemical raw material and intermediate, its appearance is colorless or light yellow liquid at room temperature, with a slight phenol smell, Insoluble in water, soluble in acetone. Mainly used in the production of surfactants, also used in antioxidants, textile printing and dyeing additives, lubricant additives, pesticide emulsifiers, resin modifiers, resins and rubber stabilizers and other fields. Electronic products may contain PCB boards, plastic rubber, and cleaning agents used in the production process. Focus on PCB boards and paints, as well as cleaning agents for hardware. The limit of Directive 2003/53 / EC is 0.1%, and the limit of REACH is consistent with the Directive.

 Organotin compounds Organotin compounds are mainly used as stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polymerization catalysts. They can also be used as antifungal agents for agricultural fungicides, paints, antifouling agents, and rodenticides. Tetraalkyltin is an intermediate for the preparation of other organotin compounds. Waters near ships and the like where organotin antifouling coatings are applied can be contaminated. There are four types of organic tin compounds: tetrahydrocarbyl tin compounds (R4Sn), trihydrocarbyl tin compounds (R3SnX), dihydrocarbyl tin compounds (R2SnX2), and monohydrocarbyl tin compounds (RSnX3). In the above formula, R is a hydrocarbyl group, which Alkyl or aryl, etc .; X is inorganic or organic acid radical, oxygen or halogen element, etc .; organic tin is only a tin organic compound, which does not mean that it will be contained in solder. Electronic products should pay attention to plastics and anti-mold coatings. Organotin. Directive 2002/62 / EC imposes restrictions on organotin, and the restrictions of REACH are consistent with the directive. There is no limit requirement, but the relevant standard requires a limit of 1 mg / kg in textiles.

 Pentachlorophenol, also known as pentachlorophenol (PCP), is mainly used as a herbicide, but also used for wood preservation, prevention and control of rot fungi. Wood and textiles in electronic products should be paid attention to, such as those used in speakers. In addition, packaging materials may also be included. Article 17 of REACH Annex 17 stipulates a limit of 0.1%, which is mainly a restriction on the use of wood and textiles. The 1999/51 / EC directive is consistent with REACH.

 Azo A type of organic compound in which an aryl group is attached to both ends of an azo group. Azo dyes are the most diverse type of synthetic dyes. They are widely used in the dyeing and printing of a variety of natural and synthetic fibers, as well as the coloring of paints, plastics, and rubber. Azo dyes release aromatic amines, some of which are harmful. Electronic products involve azo, which is mainly cloth or leather used in products or packaging. In addition, the coloring of paint, plastic, and rubber is also useful. Article 17 of Annex 17 of REACH and Appendix Ⅷ list 22 kinds of azo dye aromatic amines, which restrict their use. The limit value is 0.003%, (the mass ratio of each aromatic amine in the finished product or the dyed part). The 2002/61 / EC directive is consistent with REACH. In addition, some standards limit 24 aromatic amines. Please note that not all azo fuels are harmful. Currently only 22 (or 24) are restricted. The limit is that the content of each substance does not exceed 0.003%, which is not the sum of all substances.

66666 Keywords: dimethyl fumarate

      On March 17, 2009, the European Commission adopted the "Draft requiring Member States to ensure that products containing biocide dimethyl fumarate are not placed on the market or sold" (2009/251 / EC) The draft stipulates that after May 1, 2009, products containing dimethyl fumarate are prohibited from being put on the market or sold on the market.

      Dimethyl fumarate, abbreviated as DMF in English, is a high-efficiency, low-toxic anti-mildew agent that has emerged internationally in the 1980s. It has been widely used in China's furniture and footwear industries. In a pouch fixed inside the furniture or in a shoe box. This keeps the product dry and moisture-proof and prevents the product from mold. Exceeding normal use may cause consumer skin irritation, rashes, or burns, and in some cases, acute respiratory diseases have been reported. The resulting dermatitis is particularly difficult to treat. Therefore, the presence of dimethyl fumarate becomes a serious danger. Last year, consumer allergies occurred in countries such as France, Poland, Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

The new EU directive places the following new requirements on dimethyl fumarate:

1. It is stipulated that after May 1, 2009, products containing dimethyl fumarate are prohibited from being put on the market or being sold on the market;

2. Products containing dimethyl fumarate that have been placed on the market or sold on the market should be recovered;